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<a href="http://www.physorg.com/news144420242.html" eudora="autourl">
http://www.physorg.com/news144420242.html</a><br><br>
28 October 2008<br><br>
Satellites approach the Shannon limit<br><br>
<i>(PhysOrg.com) -- Satellites are achieving unparalleled efficiency with
a new protocol, DVB-S2. The performance of DVB-S2 satellite systems is
very close to the theoretical maximum, defined by the Shannon Limit. That
efficiency could be pushed even further by network optimisation tools and
equipment recently developed by European researchers.<br><br>
</i>European researchers have created network optimisation hardware and
software tools that are able to manage satellite resources more
efficiently. The developed tools are able to push the state of the art in
satellite transmission technology even further. The increased
efficiencies lead to cheap broadband, TV and voice access from
anywhere.<br><br>
But vast numbers of Europeans also live in rural or even isolated regions
and providing broadband access for them is more complicated.<br><br>
But not, perhaps, for much longer. Recent progress in satellite
technology has led to vastly improved bandwidth efficiencies. The newly
developed DVB-S2, which stands for digital video broadcast satellite
second generation, improves on DVB-S by a purported 30%.<br><br>
“Using satellite resource management tools, based on cross-layer
techniques, the IMOSAN project is trying to push that technology even
further, in order to make it more attractive not only from the technical
aspects, but from the business point of view as well,” explains
Anastasios Kourtis, coordinator of the EU-funded project.<br><br>
Cross-layer techniques work across the application, service and physical
layers of a communication medium to maximise efficient usage of
bandwidth.<br><br>
<i>Approaching the Shannon Limit<br><br>
</i>The Shannon Limit establishes the maximum capacity of any channel. A
channel is subject to bandwidth and noise restrictions, but its capacity
can be improved with clever modulation and multiplexing techniques. The
theoretical ultimate limit of a channel for specific bandwidth and
signal-to-noise ratio is called the Shannon Limit.<br><br>
Like the speed of light, that limit cannot be overcome and, again like
the speed of light, it is very difficult even to approach it.<br><br>
The inherent feature of DVB-S2, called Adaptive Coding and Modulation
(ACM), allows a satellite system to adapt, in real time, to various
transmission conditions and service demands. In this respect, satellite
channels are very close to their theoretical limit.<br><br>
“The IMOSAN consortium developed innovative software and hardware modules
and protocols, called the Satellite Resource Management System (SRMS)
that apply ACM to voice, data and TV in a clever way, allowing the
provision of cost-effective ‘triple-play’ satellite services to users in
rural or isolated areas,” Kourtis explains.<br><br>
SRMS was a key advance, but only one of a series of innovations and
improvements the team performed on the DVB-S2 system. They also developed
hardware and software that supports MPEG-2 HDTV. They developed software
that can use both the older Multiprotocol Encapsulation (MPE) scheme and
the newer Ultra Light Encapsulation (ULE) one. Both have also been
optimised for IPv4 or IPv6.<br><br>
IPv4 is the current Internet Protocol (IP) that we mainly use for all
data communications. But the unique IP addresses are running out rapidly,
and the protocol is creaking under the strain of modern network demands.
IPv6 will address this shortage and offer other new features to improve
the internet.<br><br>
It offers so many unique addresses that it would be possible to give an
address to every individual grain of sand on earth and still have enough
numbers left to give a unique one to every individual on the planet, any
pets they have and all the devices they own. IPv6 also provides better
security and error correction and it is the IP standard of the future.
Including it in their system means that IMOSAN has future-proofed its
work.<br><br>
The work of IMOSAN is expected to have significant impact on satellite
communications.<br><br>
“The innovative tools and techniques that were developed in the frame of
IMOSAN, gave [us] a great opportunity [for] efficient collaboration among
private-sector companies and public academic organisations, with a common
goal: to provide cost-effective broadband satellite services to rural and
isolated areas,” Kourtis concludes. This should help tackle the digital
divide problem.<br><br>
<i>This is part one of a two-part feature on the IMOSAN project funded by
the ICT strand of the EU’s Sixth Framework Programme for research. Part
two will appear on 4 November. </i></body>
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